健康信念模式在冠心病患者健康宣教中的应用

Application of health belief model in health education among patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨健康信念模式在冠心病患者健康宣教中的应用效果。方法选取100例冠心病住院患者作为研究对象,按入院时间顺序分为试验组和对照组各50例。试验组接受健康信念模式为理论基础的健康教育,对照组接受传统健康教育。干预前后,采用健康促进生活方式量表对患者进行调查,并检测患者血脂。结果干预后,试验组健康促进生活方式总分及健康责任、运动、营养、自我实现、人际关系维度得分高于对照组(P<0.05),高于干预前(P<0.05);试验组血脂指标(总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白)低于对照组(P<0.05),低于干预前(P<0.05)。对照组健康促进生活方式得分、血脂指标干预前后差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论健康信念模式为理论基础的健康教育可以促进冠心病患者建立良好健康行为,有助于降低血脂。

Objective To evaluate the effects of health belief model in health education among patients with coronary heart disease. Methods One hundred hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease were divided into two groups according to the sequence of hospitalizing time,50 cases in each group. Patients in the experimental group received health education with the basis of health belief model,while patients in the control group received traditional health education. The outcomes were evaluated using the health-promoting lifestyle profile and blood lipid level. Results After intervention,patients＇ total score of health-promoting lifestyle profile and factor scores of health responsibility,exercise,nutrition,self-actualization and interpersonal relationship were significantly higher in the experimental group than baseline （P〈0.05） and those of the control group （P〈0.05）. The level of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein in the experimental group were significantly lower than baseline（P〈0.05） and those of the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Health belief model is effective in the establishment and improvement of health behavior which is conducive to lowering blood lipids.