寨卡病毒感染引发神经系统表现的研究进展

The Progress of Research on Neurological Manifestations of the Zika Virus

寨卡病毒在巴西和美国等国家大规模爆发流行,而且是目前最大的一次爆发流行。寨卡病毒可引起非特异性的发热。然而,一系列合并神经系统并发症的病例报道如小头畸形和吉兰-巴雷综合征等显示与寨卡病毒感染有关,提示寨卡病毒是嗜神经性病毒。寨卡病毒感染后引发的神经系统疾病相继被报道,如脑膜脑炎、脊髓炎和视觉损害等。既往众多报道提示寨卡病毒感染和神经系统症状之间关系密切,但需对此次爆发流行进行长期的纵向研究和建立动物或活体外实验模型研究,才能更好的帮助临床医生了解该疾病的发病机制。

Zika virus now is being rapidly disseminating throughout the world, especially in America and Brazil. The outbreak in Brazil was the largest Zika virus epidemic so far. Zika virus can lead to an acute febrile illness. However, a number of neurological manifestations such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome, have been associated with Zika virus infection, which suggested that Zika virus is related with neuropathogenesis. A series of nervous system diseases caused by Zika virus infection were reported, such as meningoencephalitis, myelitis and ocular abnormalities. The preliminary studies have suggested a clear relationship between Zika virus infection and certain neurological symptoms, only longitudinal studies in this epidemic, as well as experimental studies either in animal models or in vitro, will help to understand the role of Zika virus and the pathogenesis of these diseases.