医务人员健康坚韧性及其应对方式的相互关系研究

Study on the relationship between medical staffs 'health hardiness and coping style

目的了解医务人员健康坚韧性及其应对方式的关系,为提高医务人员身心健康水平提供依据。方法以随机整群抽样的方法,选取南昌市6所三级甲等医院医务人员685名,采用健康坚韧量表和应对方式量表进行问卷调查。结果男性医务人员的健康坚韧性显著高于女性医务人员[(140.53±15.16)vs(136.61±14.79),t=2.175,P<0.05)];不同岗位的医务人员健康坚韧性差异有统计学意义,医生的健康坚韧性(141.54±14.47)高于医技(138.62±14.38)和护士(135.28±15.53)(P<0.05);不同科室医务人员的健康坚韧性存在显著差异,内科医务人员(143.04±13.94)健康坚韧性最高,明显高于外科(136.70±15.27)和急诊科(132.29±16.25),急诊科(132.29±16.25)明显低于其余科室(140.09±14.82)和妇产科(139.02±13.98)(P<0.05);健康坚韧性与积极应对方式呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.303、0.174、0.011),与消极应对方式呈显著负相关(r值分别为-0.300、-0.024、-0.254)。结论医务人员健康坚韧性水平偏低,健康坚韧性和应对方式相关性强,应开展医务人员健康坚韧性训练,加强医务人员积极应对方式的培养。

Objective To understand the relationship of medical staffs＇ healthy hardiness and their copying style, and provide the basis for improving their physical and mental health. Methods By using healthy hardiness scale and coping style scale, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 685 medical personnel chosen from six tertiary hospitals by random sampling method. Results The healthy hardiness of male medical staffs was significant higher than that of female medical staffs [ （ 140. 53 ± 15.16） vs （ 136. 61 ± 14. 79）, t = 2. 175, P 〈 0.05） ] . The healthy hardiness of doctors （ 141.54 ± 14.47） was higher than that of medical technicians （ 138. 62 ± 14. 38 ） and nurses （ 135.28 ± 15. 53 ） （P 〈 0. 05 ）. There were significant differences in different departments （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , the health hardiness score of medical personnel in depart- ment of internal medicine （ 143.04 ± 13.94） was highest, significantly higher than that of surgery （ 136. 70 ± 15.27） and emergency department （132. 29 ± 16. 25 ）. The score of emergency department （ 132. 29 ± 16. 25 ） was significantly lower than that of other departments （ 140. 09 ± 14. 82） and the department of obstetrics and gynecology （ 139. 02 ± 13.98 ） （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. There had positive correlation between healthy hardiness and active coping style （ r = 0. 303, 0. 174, 0.011 ） , and negative correlation between healthy hardiness and inactive coping style （ r = - 0. 300, - 0. 024, - 0. 254）. Conclu- sion The healthy hardiness of medical staffs is low, and there is a strong correlation between healthy hardiness and coping style. Positive coping style training should be strengthened among medical staffs.