2015年珙县集中式供水单位水质监测结果分析

Surveillance Results of Water Quality of Centralized Water Suppliers in Gongxian County in 2015

目的了解2015年珙县集中式供水单位现状及其水质卫生状况,为改进制水工艺提高饮用水质量提出合理化建议,为珙县各级政府部门制定饮用水规划提供科学依据。方法通过对珙县集中式供水单位进行卫生监督检查,采集各单位的出厂水和管网末梢水进行检验,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计学分析。结果全县共有18家集中式供水单位,水源以地表水为主(72.2%),4家有完善的水源防护设施,14家水源设施不完善;饮用水水质检测结果总合格率为50.0%,微生物指标合格率为65.1%,感官性状指标合格率为93.0%,一般化学指标,氯化物合格率为97.7%,总硬度合格率为95.3%,硫酸盐合格率为90.7%,消毒剂指标,游离余氯合格率为32/56(57.1%),二氧化氯合格率为22/30(73.3%),毒理学指标全部合格。结论 2015年珙县集中式供水水质合格率较低,以微生物指标超标为主,应加大水源防护设施的资金投入,改进制水工艺,拆除老化陈旧管道和制水机械,提高理化指标的合格率;加强对供管水人员的健康教育,提高其饮用水消毒知识的知晓率,提高饮用水微生物指标的合格率。

Objective To investigate the current status of centralized water suppliers and the quality status ofsupplied water in Gongxian County in 2015 and propose rational suggestions for modifying water making techniques and improving quality of drinking water and provide a scientific basis for governmental departments at each level to make drinking water plans. Methods Hygienic supervision and inspection were conducted on centralized water suppliers in Gongxian County,finished water and tap water samples were collected and analyzed,and statistical analysis was performed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results There were 18 centralized water suppliers in the whole county,and surface water accounted for the majority（ 72. 2%） of water sources. Four suppliers were equipped with sound water source protection facilities,while water source facilities of the other 14 suppliers needed improvement. The total conformity rate of drinking water samples was 50. 0%.The conformity rates of microbiological indicators and sensory indicators were 65. 1% and 93. 0%,respectively.Regarding general chemical indicators,the conformity rates of chlorides,total hardness and sulfates were97. 7%,95. 3% and 90. 7%. Regarding disinfectant indicators,the conformity rates of free residual chlorine and chlorine dioxide were 32 / 56（ 57. 1%） and 22 / 30（ 73. 3%）,respectively. Toxicological indicators of all samples met the standards. Conclusion The conformity rate of water quality was low in Gongxian County in2015,and microbial indicators were the main indicators over the standard. Investment to water source protection facilities should be enhanced,water making techniques should be improved and old pipes and water making machines should be demolished to improve the conformity rates of physicochemical indicators; health education of water supply personnels should be enhanced to improve their awareness rate of drinking water disinfection knowledge and increase the conformity rate of microbial indicators.