西安铁路局旅客列车空调通风系统卫生学调查

Hygienic Investigation of Air-conditioning and Ventilation Systems on Passenger Trains of Xi'an Railway Bureau

目的了解旅客列车空调系统的卫生状况,为空调列车通风系统卫生清洗、消毒工作提供依据方法不同类别列车随机抽样共310节。测定回风管道中的积尘量、细菌总数、真菌总数、β溶血性链球菌:送风口PM10、细菌总数、真菌总数、β溶血性链球菌。结果回风管道中的细菌总数不合格率最高达71.61%、其次为积尘量不合格率为41.61%;不同类别列车之间细菌总数、积尘量、真菌总数差异均有统计学意义。送风管道中的细菌总数不合格率较高为35.48%;不同类别列车之间细菌总数、PM10、真菌总数差异均有统计学意义。快速列车不合格指标明显高于其他列车。β溶血性链球菌均未检出。结论旅客列车空调通风系统部分卫生指标超标严重,应加强对空调系统的定期清洗消毒工作。

Objective To investigate the hygienic status of air-conditioning systems in passenger trains and provide information for hygienic cleaning and disinfection of ventilation systems of air-conditioned trains. Methods310 carriages of different types of trains were randomly sampled. The amount of dusts,total bacteria,total fungi and β-hemolytic streptococcus in return air ducts and PM10,total bacteria,total fungi and β-hemolytic streptococcus at air outlets were measured. Results The bacteria failure rate of return air ducts was up to 71. 61%,followed by the amount of dust failure rate（ 41. 61%）. Differences amount different types of trains in terms of total bacteria,amount of dust and total fungi were statistically significant. The total bacteria failure rate of air outlets was 35. 48%; differences among different types of trains in terms of total bacteria,PM10 and total fungi were statistically significant. The failure rates of fast trains were significantly higher than those of other trains; β-hemolytic streptococci were not detected. Conclusion Part hygienic indicators of air conditioning and ventilation systems of passenger trains are significantly beyond the limits in standards,and regular cleaning and disinfection of air-conditioning systems should be enhanced.