碳纤维复合材料旋转超声椭圆振动套磨制孔技术研究

Study on the Rotary Ultrasonic Elliptical Vibration Machining of CFRP Using Diamond Core Drill

针对航空航天领域中碳纤维复合材料在制孔过程中易出现分层、毛刺和刀具磨损快等问题,提出了一种新型旋转超声椭圆振动套磨制孔技术。分析了旋转超声椭圆振动套磨制孔机理,研制出了小型化旋转超声椭圆振动套磨制孔系统,并进行了碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)套磨制孔实验。结果表明:相比于普通套磨,超声椭圆振动套磨极大改善了切屑粉尘和料芯的排出,延长了刀具使用寿命;明显降低了钻削力和扭矩分别约25%和30%;有效降低了复材孔分层和毛刺的制孔缺陷,改善了孔表面粗糙度和平整性,提高了加工质量。

Taking into consideration these problems including delamination,fuzzing and rapid tool wear et al. in conventional drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics （CFRP）,this paper put forward a new processing technology,i.e.,the rotary ultrasonic elliptical vibration machining （RUEM） of CFRP using diamond core drill. The drilling mechanism in RUEM of CFRP is analyzed and the small sized RUEM system is developed for the first time. Meanwhile,the drilling experiment about the RUEM of CFRP is carried out. The results showed that compared with the common drilling of core drill,the RUEM greatly improved the removal effects of chip and rod, prolonged the tool life, reduced the thrust force and torque is 25% and 30% ,respectively,effectively reduced the defects of CFRP hole delamination and fuzzing as well as improved the surface integrity of machined hole.