市场专业化、经济规模化与生态旅游业发展绩效关系实证研究——基于省际森林公园的面板数据

Empirical Research of Relationship between Market Specialization, Economic Scale and Ecological Tourism Development Efficiency——Based on Panel Data of Provincial Forest Park

文章利用林业统计资料,运用随机前沿生产函数模型,对中国2003-2012年生态旅游产业技术效率的时间和区域特征及影响因素开展了系统分析。研究结果表明：我国以森林公园为代表的生态旅游业发展势头良好,市场容量、从业人员和建设投入均实现快速增长;生态旅游服务业在林业经济内部有着较强的规模效应;生态旅游业技术进步年增长率为1.1%,但中国整体和区域层面上生态旅游开发技术效率仍徘徊于较低水平上;区域层面上生态旅游业的技术效率差异呈现出中西部高于东部地区的情形,区域间东部地区技术效率先降后升,中西部地区省际差异总体表现为不断增高的态势;专业化水平、规模经济是影响生态旅游服务业技术效率的重要因素,但相关资源配置未实现最优,同时规模效应在当前生态旅游业发展中尚无法体现,市场化程度提升对生态旅游服务行业技术效率有推动作用。

In this paper, with the aid of the forestry statistical data, using stochastic frontier production function model, analysis the time, regional characteristics and influence factors of technical efficiency of ecological tourism industry from 2003 to 2012 in China. The results showed that： China＇s ecological tourism development momentum,while the growth of market capacity, fast growth, practitioners and construction investment rapidly;the ecological tourism services formed a strong internal economies of scale in forestry economy; Ecological tourism industry technology progress in annual growth rate of 1.1%, but technical efficiency of China＇s and regional ecological tourism development level at lower levels; Regional differences of the technical efficiency of ecological tourism presents that Midwest is higher than the eastern region, eastern regional technical efficiency increase after lower first,central and western regions on a provincial differences in general will present a rising trend; Specialization level and scale economy are the important factors that affect the technical efficiency of ecological tourism industry, but the resource configuration optimization has not been achieved, and the scale effect in the development of ecological tourism in our country is still unable to reflect, marketization promotion have a positive effect to the technical efficiency of the industry, but the positive stimulus is yet to be improvedto develop ecological tourism service industry. Finally give some suggestion.