不同基因型水稻产量和氮效率对减量施肥反应的差异性研究

Difference Study on the Impact of Reduced Amount of Applied Fertilizers to the Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Different Rice Genotypes

选用36个不同基因型水稻材料,以常规施氮肥处理为对照,研究在7.5 kg/(667 m2)和5 kg/(667m2)两个减量施氮肥处理下不同基因型水稻的产量和氮肥偏生产力表现.结果表明,在减量施氮肥处理下供试的36个水稻产量和氮肥偏生产力间均存在极显著的基因型差异,且随着施肥量的降低,大多数品种的单株有效穗数、每穗着粒数和每穗实粒数呈下降趋势.灰色关联度分析表明,减量施氮肥处理下主要是通过影响单株有效穗和每穗着粒数而导致产量降低.蓉优918,花香优1号,内2优111和泰优99这4个品种在减量施肥处理下产量综合性状较良好,且氮肥利用效率高,可作为减量施肥生产推广品种.

The characteristic expression of yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity of different rice geno- types was studied by using 36 varieties as the test objects under the two reduced amounts of applied fertilizer treat- ments, 7.5 kg/（667 m2 ） and 5 kg/（667 m2 ）. Our results indicated that under the reduced amount of applied fer- tilizer treatments, the yield reduction largely came from the decreased number of effective spikes per plant and seed number per panicle. The genotypes difference of yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity of 36 varieties were extremely significant. The following 4 varieties, Rongyou-918, Huaxiangyou-1, Nei-2-you-111 and Taiyou-99, had the best overall performance on yield comprehensive expressions, so it could be regarded as the varieties that could be widely utilized to allow the reduced amount of applied fertilizers.