不同砧木对柿树纺锤形冠层光照分布与产量品质的影响

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Spindle Canopy Light Distribution,Yield and Quality of Persimmon

以基砧为君迁子、大别山野柿和DIL-3的6年生细长纺锤形柿树鲁柿1号(分别简称君迁子鲁柿、野柿鲁柿、DIL鲁柿)为试材,测定了不同冠层枝类组成、光照分布、产量和品质等指标,以期了解冠层光照分布对不同砧木嫁接的鲁柿1号果实产量及品质的影响。结果表明,相同立地条件下,君迁子鲁柿、野柿鲁柿、DIL鲁柿树体适宜光合区比例分别为56.24%、64.37%和67.01%,平均株产分别为35.20、32.42 kg和41.09 kg,折合666.7m^2产量分别为3 410.0、2 921.6 kg和2 172.1 kg。DIL鲁柿的果实产量和品质优于君迁子鲁柿和野柿鲁柿,君迁子鲁柿的果实产量和品质优于野柿鲁柿。可见,鲁柿1号以DIL-3和君迁子为砧木,采用细长纺锤形树形其树冠光照好,产量高,品质优,是生产上值得推广的砧穗组合和树形。

The effects of canopy light distribution on yield and quality of 6- year- old persimmon cultivar Lushi 1 grafted with different rootstocks,Dateplum,Silvestris and DIL- 3,were explored by detecting the canopy branch composition,light distribution,yield and quality. The results showed that the photosynthetic region proportion of Lushi 1 with 3 kinds of rootstocks,Dateplum,Silvestris and DIL- 3,was 56. 24%,64. 37% and 67. 01% respectively. The average yield per plant was 35. 20,32. 42 and 41. 09 kg respectively. The equivalent yield per 666. 7 m2 was 3 410. 0,2 921. 6 and 2 172. 1 kg,respectively. The fruit yield and quality of Lushi 1 with the rootstock of DIL- 3 was the best,the second was Lushi 1 with the rootstock of Dateplum,and that of Silvestris was the worst. Lushi 1,grafted with DIL- 3 and Dateplum and possessing the slender spindle- shape,could get better light,higher yield and more excellent quality. So the rootstock- scion combination and tree shape were worth to be popularized in production.