不同播种方式对旱直播稻生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Different Sowing Methods on Growth and Yield of Drought Seeding Rice

为探明旱直播稻高产栽培的适宜播种方式,以越光为材料,设CK(窄幅条播)、T1(宽幅条播)、T2(撒播浅旋)3个处理进行试验。结果表明,宽幅条播能稳定出苗率,使群体整齐、个体健壮,增加单位面积成穗数、穗粒数和千粒重,单产达6 593.1 kg/hm^2,比窄幅条播增产16.1%,差异极显著;撒播浅旋出苗率低,难以保证苗全、苗匀,群体不整齐、个体差异大,但平均穗粒数和千粒重增加,单产为6 281.8 kg/hm^2,比窄幅条播增产10.6%,差异极显著;窄幅条播由于种子分布拥挤一条线,虽然能稳定出苗率、群体较整齐,但个体弱,导致穗粒数和千粒重下降而减产。

In order to research the suitable seeding method for high- yielding cultivation of drought seeding rice,taking Koshihikari as material,3 treatments,CK（ narrow drilling）,T1（ wide drilling） and T2（ sowing after surface rotary tilling）,were designed by randomized block arrangement in the field. The results showed that wide drilling could make the seedling emergence rate stable,the population be in tidy,the individuals be strong,and increase the spike number,grain number per spike and 1 000- grain weight. The yield of wide drilling was 6 593. 1 kg/hm^2,which increased by 16. 1% and had very significant difference with that of narrow drilling. Sowing after surface rotary tilling had a low seedling emergence rate,no full stand,no tidy population,large difference of individuals. However,the average grain number and 1 000- grain weight increased. The yield was 6 281. 8 kg/hm^2,which increased by 10. 6% than that of narrow sowing with very significant difference. Narrow drilling,whose seeds were distributed concentratedly in a line,could make the seedling emergence rate stable and population be in tidy. But its individuals were weak,so the grain number per spike and 1 000- grain weight dropped.