一种太阳能无人机用MPPT控制器

Research on a MPPT controller suitable for solar UAV

太阳能无人机的能源系统由太阳电池阵、储能电池组、控制器以及配电器组成,由于安装太阳电池的飞机机翼外形为多曲面形状,安装于其上的太阳电池在同一时刻所受光照强度不同,这就造成不同子阵之间的电流不同,按照传统的方法直接互连达到指定电压,则太阳电池各个子阵之间必然发生工作点相互钳位问题造成系统发电能力降低,在太阳高度角较低的早晚时刻甚至造成能源系统失效。提出了一种升降压型MPPT控制器,该控制器由H桥式DC-DC电路组成,在输入端控制器实时追踪太阳电池的最大工作点,在输出端控制器根据外部电路情况通过升降压变换,使多模块之间实现工作点匹配,从而实现太阳电池阵功率的最大程度输出,提升能源系统发电效率,给出了控制器的追踪算法,控制逻辑,并对可行性进行了分析。

The solar energy UAV energy system is composed of solar array, energy storage battry, controller and electrical equipment. Because the wing is a multi surface shape, the solar cell installed on it at the same time by the light intensity is different, which causes a series of solar cell circuit current limited, resulting in reduced system power generation capacity. In this paper, a MPPT controller with Boost and Buck function was proposed, composing of H bridge DC-DC circuit. At the input end of the controller, the solar cell maximum working point could be tracking in real time; at the output terminal of the controller and according to the external circuit, the work points could be matched between the multi controllers through the Boost or Buck transformer, so as to enhance the efficiency of the energy power system. The MPPT algorithm and the control logic of the controller were given and its feasibility was analyzed.