儿科门诊急性上呼吸道感染的用药合理性评价与干预效果分析

MTP Rationality of prescription and the effect of interventions in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in outpatient pediatrics

目的探讨儿科门诊急性上呼吸道感染患儿合理使用抗菌药物的干预措施,促进临床合理用药。方法参照WHO/INRUD(合理用药国际网络)选择性用药指标调研方法 (SDUIS)设置调研指标,对干预前后的处方用药合理性进行点评,并进行干预效果分析。结果总体干预效果明显。干预前平均用药品种数为2.65种,较干预后平均用药品种数为1.2种,下降显著;注射剂使用百分率为27.13%,较干预后注射剂使用百分率为16.15%,下降显著(χ2=5.19,P<0.05);就诊使用抗菌药物百分率和抗菌药物费用占处方总费用百分率无明显变化。结论采取监测-培训-计划(MTP)模式干预和评价方法可明显降低儿科门诊急性上呼吸道感染处方注射剂使用百分率等指标,提高合理用药水平。

Objective To explore the interventions for rationality of prescription in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infec-tion in outpatient pediatrics and to promote rational use of drugs in clinic.Methods The research indexeswere setin accordance with selected drug use indicators（SDUIS）of the WHO/INRUD （international network for rational drug use）and then the intervention effect before and after intervention was analyzed.Results The overall effect of interventions was obvious.The average number of drugsused-before intervention was 2.65,which was significantly decreased to that after intervention（1.2）;the using percentage of injection before intervention accounted for 27.13%,while the using percentage of injection after intervention accounted for 16.15%（χ^2=5.19,P 〈0.05）,the decreasing trend was obvious.There were no significant changes in the usage of antimicrobial agents and the ratioof the cost-of antibacterialstothe whole prescription expenditure.Conclusions Adopting the intervention and evaluation of monitoring-training-plan （MTP）modelcan significantly reduce the using percentage of infusion for acute upper respiratory tract infection in outpatient pediat-rics,and thus to improve the rational use of drugs.