基于居民幸福感视角理解宜居城市

Understanding Livable City Based on the Perspective of Resident's Happiness

宜居城市的核心理念之一是以人文本,即尊重居民的生活感受,把居民的幸福感作为衡量宜居城市建设成效的重要标尺。本文从居民幸福感的视角来理解宜居城市,以期帮助建设真正以人为本的宜居城市。文章从自然环境舒适性、服务设施便利性、人文环境舒适度三个维度解析宜居要素与居民幸福感之间的关系。同时,提出以居民幸福感为导向的宜居城市应当具备以下特点:关注个体生命体验的城市设计;关注不同群体,重视弱势人群的人文关怀;重视公众深度参与的城市规划。

One of the core ideas of livable city is people oriented that city should respect resident＇s feeling of life, in other words, taking resident＇s happiness as a criterion to check if a city is livable. This paper tries to help understanding the connotation of livable city from the perspective of resident＇s happiness, and hope to offer some suggestions on how to make city more livable. Firstly, we analyze the relationship of happiness and elements of livability, including nature environment amenity, living convenience and human environment amenity. Then, we put forward three key characteristics of people oriented livable city. （1） Urban design should pay attention to individual＇s life experience, especially focus on how to improve resident＇s physical condition, build and maintain social network, make people enjoy leisure time. （2） More and more people care about vulnerable groups like the poor, migrants, children and the disabled. （3） Urban plan should value public participation in order to respect resident＇s life demand, as well as guarantee social equality and success of public facility plan.