NaCl胁迫对两个葡萄品种叶片光合特性的影响

Effects of Na Cl Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Leaves of the Two Grape Cultivars

【目的】研究NaCl胁迫对两个葡萄新品种火洲红玉、火洲黑玉光合特性的影响,为筛选耐盐新品种提供理论依据。【方法】采用水培法,对两个葡萄品种进行不同浓度NaCl胁迫(0、2、3、4 g/L)处理,8 d后测定叶片中的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)值、初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)。【结果】在NaCl≤3 g/L时,两品种SPAD值较对照显著升高,至4 g/L时,SPAD值均下降,火洲红玉SPAD值显著低于对照;随NaCl浓度升高,火洲黑玉的Fo值升高但较对照无显著性差异,Fm、ФPSⅡ、Fv/Fm值呈下降趋势但均与对照无显著性差异;火洲红玉Fo值在NaCl≥3 g/L时较对照显著升高,Fm、ФPSⅡ、Fv/Fm值较对照显著下降;火洲黑玉Ci在2 g/L时,较对照显著降低,在NaCl≥3 g/L时Ci升高但与对照无显著性差异,Gs在各处理下较对照均无显著性差异,Pn和Tr较对照均显著降低;火洲红玉Ci均显著高于对照,Gs、Pn、Tr均显著低于对照。【结论】火洲黑玉在4 g/L NaCl处理时,SPAD值较对照显著下降,Pn、Tr较对照显著降低,其他指标均与对照无显著性差异,火洲红玉在NaCl≥3 g/L时各项指标均与对照存在显著差异,火洲黑玉耐盐性较火洲红玉好。

【Objective】The impact of salt stress on the photosynthetic characteristics of two new grape cultivars ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ and ＇Huozhouhongyu＇ were studied for providing a foundation for screening of new salt tolerant cultivars.【Method】Two cultivars in hydroponic cultures were treated with different concentrations of NaCl（ 0,2 g/L,3 g/L,4 g/L）,and Chlorophyll content（ SPAD）,the minimal fluorescence（ Fo）,the maximal fluorescence（ Fm）,actual photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ（ ФPS Ⅱ）,the photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ（ Fv/Fm）,net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,transpiration rate（ Tr）,stomatal conductance（ Gs） and Intercellular CO2concentration（ Ci） were determined after eight days.【Result】SPAD of two cultivars were significantly higher in the 3 g/L and 4 g/L treatment than in the control treatment. In the 4 g/L treatment,SPAD of two cultivars decreased,and SPAD of ＇Huozhouhongyu ＇ was significantly lower than that of the control treatment. Fo of ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ increased and had no significant difference than control treatment. Fm,ФPSⅡ,Fv/Fm of ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ decreased and had no significant difference than that of the control treatment. Fo of＇Huozhouhongyu＇ was significantly higher in the 3 g/L and 4 g/L treatment than in the control treatment,and Fm,ФPSⅡ,Fv/Fm of ＇Huozhouhongyu＇ was significantly lower in the 3 g/L and 4 g/L treatment than in the control treatment. Ci of ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ was significantly lower in the 2 g/L treatment than in the control treatment. Ci of ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ increased and was not significantly different than that of the control treatment. Gs of ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ was not significantly different than that of the control treatment. Pn and Tr were significantly lower than that of the control treatment. Ci of ＇Huozhouhongyu＇ was significantly higher than that of the control treatment,and Pn,Tr,Gs were significantly lower.【Conclusion】In the 4 g/L treatment,SPAD of ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ decreased. Pn and Tr were significantly lower than those of the control treatment. Other indexes were not significantly different than those of the control treatment. In the 3 g/L and 4 g/L,all indexes of ＇Huozhouhongyu＇ were not siginificantly different than those of the control treatment. ＇Huozhouhongyu＇ was affected more seriously than ＇Huozhouheiyu＇ by salt stress.