茶多酚体内吸收、分布、代谢和排泄研究进展

Research progress in the absorption,distribution,metabolism and excretion of tea polyphenols in vivo

茶多酚是茶叶中重要的活性物质,具有多种保健功效,例如预防代谢综合症、癌症以及神经退行性疾病等。茶多酚体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄(ADME)与茶多酚的健康功效紧密相关。本文综述了近年来荼多酚体内ADME的研究结果,表明EGCG在人体内的相对生物利用度并不低于小鼠,灌胃给药后肠道中的EGCE含量最高,而在脑组织中的分布极少;同时可以发现肝脏是体内EGCG的主要处置器官,之后通过胆汁排泄。对于2种儿荼素而言,非酯型儿茶素(EC和EGC)口服后在体内相对生物利用度高于酯型儿茶素(EGCG和ECG)。系统地比较了荼多酚在人体及其他动物模型中的代谢规律,为进一步研究和开发茶多酚提供参考。

Tea polyphenols are the important active compounds in tea. They have multiple benefits for health, such as preventing metabolic syndromes, cancer-prevention, and neurodegenerative disease prevention. The ab- sorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion （ADME） of tea polyphenols in the human body is tightly corre- lated with their health benefits. In the present review, the research results on the ADME of tea polyphenols in vivo indicated that the relative bioavailability of （-）-epigallocatechin gallate （EGCG） in the human body is not lower than in mice. The highest content of EGCG appeared in the intestinal tract and the lowest content appeared in the brain after intragastric administration. EGCG was mainly disposed in liver and then excreted in bile. The relative bioavailability of the non-galloylated catechin was higher than that of the catechin gallate. In this review, a sys- tematic comparison of the metabolic regulation of tea polyphenols using different animal models and human was conducted for further research and exploitation of tea polyphenols.