FTO基因在不同品种鸡胚胎与生长期骨骼肌中的表达

Expression of FTO in skeletal muscles of different breeds between embryonic period and growth period

以清远麻鸡和隐陛白羽鸡为试验素材,研究脂肪和肥胖相关基因(fat mass and obesity-associated,FTO)在2个品种胚胎期与生长期胸肌和腿肌组织中的表达模式及差异。结果表明,在胸肌组织中,FTO在两品种不同发育时期呈现不同的表达模式。在清远麻鸡,16胚龄时FTO表达量显著高于其他胚龄,出雏后l周达最高,8周时显著下降(P<0.05);在隐性白羽鸡,FTO在20胚龄时表达骤然升高,在l周龄时呈现表达高峰,但8周时仍维持高表达水平。在20胚龄、1周和8周时FTO在隐性白羽鸡胸肌组织中的表达显著高于清远麻鸡。在腿肌组织中,FTO在两品种胚胎期及生长期不同发育时期的表达模式也不同。FTO在清远麻鸡12胚龄时表达量显著高于其他胚龄,出雏1周后FTO的表达相对稳定,各周龄间无显著差异;在隐性白羽鸡中,腿肌中FTO在20胚龄时表达量显著升高,这一高表达状态持续至出雏后8周,但FTO只有在8周时隐性白羽鸡腿肌组织中的表达显著高于清远麻鸡。综合FTO在两品种的胸肌和腿肌组织中的发育模式研究表明,FTO在鸡胚胎期和生长期骨骼肌中的表达存在显著的品种和组织差异性。本研究将为进一步深入研究FTO对鸡肌肉发育的分子遗传机制奠定基础。

Expression pattern of FTO in skeletal muscles during chicken development was detected in Recessive White Rock chicken and Qingyuan partridge. The result showed, in breast tissue, expression pattern of FTO in Qingyuan was different from that of White Rock. In Qingyuan, FTO mRNA expression at 16 embry-onic age （ED） was significant higher that of other ED. The expression peak at lweek and then decreased at 8 week （wk）. In White Rock, FTO mRNA expression at 20 ED was higher that of other ED. The expression peak at lwk and this high expression will maintain to 8 wk. Moreover, FTO mRNA expression in White Rock was significantly higher than that of Qingyuan in 20ED, 1 and 8wk, respectively. In leg muscle, expression pattern of FTO in White Rock was different from that of Qingyuan. FTO mRNA expression at 12ED in Qingyuan was significantly higher than that of other ED and the expression was relatively stable at lwk after hatching, and there was no significant difference between time points. In White Rock, the FTO mRNA expression abruptly enhanced at 20ED, this high expression will maintain to 8 wk. The expression in White Rock was significantly higher than that of Qingyuan in 8wk. Results from various developmental stages in breast and leg muscle tissues showed the FTO expression in skeletal muscles presented significant breed and tissue specificity. This study has laid a foundation to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of muscle growth in chicken.