福建省低山丘陵区农田景观评价研究

Farmland landscape aesthetic quality evaluation in mountainous and hilly district of Fujian Province

农田是乡村景观的重要组成部分,全面系统地评价农田景观质量是开展"美丽乡村"建设工作的重要前提,以福建省9个地级市为例,采用SBE法、SD法对福建省低山丘陵区农田景观进行评价分析。结果表明:1)结合SBE法、SD法进行农田景观评价得出评判者的景观美景度值及心理感受评判结果科学客观;2)背景建筑、作物整齐度对农田景观美景度贡献率最大,分别达到28.01%和27.7%,其他景观要素贡献率从大到小分别为植物层次、农田破碎化程度、田埂线、坡度及场景整洁度;3)SD法评价要素中视线开阔度(P=0.000)、愉悦感(P=0.000)与景观美景度值呈极显著正相关,色彩纯净度(P=0.029)、种植方式(P=0.013)、新奇感(P=0.011)呈显著相关。本研究可为福建甚至南方类似景观的改造提供借鉴。

Farmland is an important part of rural landscape.Comprehensively and systematically evaluating the quality of farmland landscape is the important premise of ＂beautifying villages＂ construction. We adopted SBE and SD method to analyze the features and quality of farmland landscape in central south subtropical hilly areas in nine cities of Fujian Province. The results showed that： 1） The evaluation results obtained using SBE method and SD method are more objective; 2） Background architectural form and crop uniformity have the largest contribu- tion to the beauty of farmland landscape, which reach to 28.01% and 27.7%, respectively. The contribution of other landscape elements follows a decreasing order： plant storey, farmland fragmentation degree, ridge line, slope and scene cleanliness; 3） The sight openness degree （P=0.000） and pleasure （P=0.000） of evaluation factors with SD method present a significantly positive correlation with the value of landscape scenic beauty and a significant correlation with color purity （P=0.029）, planting pattern （P=-0.013） and novelty （P=-0.011）. The result could provide a reference for modification of the similar landscapes in Fujian and other further south areas.