塑中国式管理道德之魂——“道德人”人性假设的提出

Moral Interpretation of the Soul of Chinese-style Management:Hypothesis of Human Nature of Moral Man

理论上,德性承接中国管理哲学之精髓,开启中国式管理之逻辑,故能够完成中国管理哲学对中国式管理质的规定和升华;现实中,一种符合市场、员工道德诉求的管理模式亟待树立。中国式管理肯定人的道德人性,秉持以道德为核心的内在修持论,从本质上区别于西方管理。"道德人"人性假设认为,道德人性是为个体赋予社会群体意义并影响个体动机的本质属性,并促成人生价值在工作中的实现;个体对道德系统进行学习,实现道德内化,从而产生道德行为、满足道德需要的过程是个体道德自觉的过程,表现为自我完善,提升了个体与组织的互动效率与价值协同。道德—行为作用机制是上述过程的心理学演绎,同时契合了"道之以德,知行合一"的哲学理念。"道德人"人性假设完善了动机的自组织理论,诠释了人性的内在丰富性,超越了西方管理的工具理性,它是对其他人性假设的扬弃,是中国管理哲学和中国管理实践之魂。

In the field of theory the moral humanity has been the essence of Chinese management philosophy and the logical starting point of Chinese–style management. Therefore, Chinese management philosophy can be defined as the inherent characteristics and realized the sublimation of Chinese-style management. In reality, a management mode which satisfies the moral appeals of market and staff should be established. Compared with the western management in essence, content and form, Chinese-style management is featured as the moral spirit originated from the Chinese management philosophy. On the purpose of making up the defects of the existing humanity hypotheses and in the light of management thoughts＇ returning to the Chinese management philosophy, the study combines advanced thoughts of western management with the Chinese management philosophy and have proposed a Chinese culture-rooted, universally applicable, absorbing and maintaining hypothesis of human nature of moral man. The Chinese-style management is essentially different from western management because it is featured as moral humanity and inner upbringing. The hypothesis of human nature of moral man holds that moral humanity is an essential attribute influencing motivations and endowing individual with colony and social meaning. It is the process of moral consciousness in which people learn from moral system, realize moral socialization, and then behave morally and satisfy moral needs. This process is manifested as self-perfection. It can also improve interactive efficiency and synergy value. The morality—behavior mechanism is the psychological deduction of the process and agrees with the philosophical idea of ＂guiding people with morals＂ and ＂the unity of knowing and doing＂. The hypothesis of human nature of moral man has refined the self-organization theory of motivation, manifested the inner richness of human nature and surpassed the instrumental rationality of western management. It is the sublation of other human hypotheses, the epuration of Chinese management philosophy and the soul of Chinese management practice.