美国高校通识教育模式比较研究

Enlightenment of Foreign Models of General Education and Teaching Methods

美国高校通识教育起步较早,并且受到了高度的重视,其通识教育管理体制经过数次的改革与完善,已经相当成熟。本文从美国高校入手,探究其通识教育模式,关注通识课程的教学方法与手段,对此进行总结。文章首先简要介绍了当前美国主要的四大通识教育模式以及代表院校的课程方案。其次以哈佛大学等高校为例,简要介绍各自的通识教育发展,并挑选其本年度课程进行详细介绍,通过具体的课程展示深入了解国外通识课程是如何开展的同时,本文还从国内的通识课程现状出发,对比美国高校通识教育模式,总结其通识课程的优点,为我国高校逐渐兴起的通识课程改革提供借鉴。

General education started early in western countries, and it has received a high degree of attention.Their educational system is now quite mature after several reforms and improvement. This paper firstly introduces the general education models of four main American universities as well as their curriculums and teaching methods. Secondly, taking Harvard and Princeton as examples, it introduces the development of their general education. Based on a comparison of this year＇s courses of those universities, this paper tries to help the readers to have a deeper understanding of the general education courses abroad. At the same time, the paper summarizes their advantages and our problems, hoping to give some reference for the curriculum reform of general education in Chinese universities.