走出现代中国青春期的躁动——关于虚无主义的笔记

On Nihilism

虚无主义既是货币经济之"创造性破坏"逻辑,又是这种逻辑在文化上的反映。其核心在于对历史和传统的拒斥以及对最高价值的贬黜。任何按照西方模式现代化的民族都不能避免虚无主义的侵蚀。当今中国遭遇的虚无主义,与欧洲原发虚无主义具有相似结构和性质,但并非其作为一种思潮扩散的结果,而是多种历史运动和力量复合作用的产物,它们包括:百余年持续的"时代的裂变",从经济、政治、文化各个维度不断地侵蚀中华传统文明之根,所导致的尼采意义的那种文化虚无主义;随着夷平一切的市场经济的深入,在价值上形成了马克思—西美尔所言的那种以拜物教为核心特征的价值虚无主义;在"全球化"和多元主义结构中,产生了对任何信仰支撑点都怀疑的"精神危机",即相信"什么东西都假的"之意义虚无主义。虚无主义是中华民族五千年文明面临的最深层挑战之一,是中国现代性所需要越过的一道坎,是进入青春期的中国成长之焦虑。对于知识界来说,尤其需要呵护民族情怀、重建历史意识和培养未来眼光。

Nihilism isthe logic of ＂creative deconstruction＂ of market economy and its cultural reflection as well. The nature of nihilism is the rejection to history and tradition and the degradation of the highest val- ue. Any nation which follows the Western modernization must encounter nihilism. Nihilism in China today has the same nature and structure as original one in Europe, but is not the proliferating form of the later. It is the production of multiple movements and forces which interact. The epochal transformation lasting o- ver 100 years eroded the roots of Chinese civilization and brought about cultural nihilism in Nietzsche＇s sense; market economy caused value nihilism whose core character is fetishism as Marx-Simmel＇s descrip- tion; ＂globalization＂ and pluralism produced some kind of crisis of spirit which disbelieves anything, that is, meaning nihilism which believes ＂ anything is false＂. Nihilism is one of the deepest challenges which China with 5000 years civilization will confront, one of ridges which modern China will pass over, one of anxieties to be controlled by young China.