铁系纳米颗粒的生物毒性效应的研究进展

Biotoxicity of iron-based nanoparticles:a review of recent studies

铁系纳米颗粒的独特性能使其在日常生活和工业生产中得到广泛应用,作为一类人工合成的功能材料,其潜在风险逐渐引起人们的关注和讨论。笔者对铁系纳米颗粒在生物体内的迁移和分布进行了讨论,从细胞、个体、种群和群落等方面综述了铁系纳米颗粒的生物毒性效应,详细介绍了影响铁系纳米颗粒毒性的关键因素,并总结了铁系纳米颗粒的生物毒理学研究存在的问题,并展望了今后铁系纳米颗粒毒理学的研究方向。

As a kind of synthesized functional materials,iron-based nanoparticles display novel physicochemical characteristics, such as small sizes,high surface areas and quantum effects,which were highly desirable for industrial applications. Iron-based nanoparticles can enter the organisms through a variety of ways when they are released into the atmosphere,water and soil environment. With the widespread application in daily life and industrial processes,potential risk of iron-based nanoparticles has attracted much attention and discussion gradually. In the present paper,the migration and distribution of iron-based nanoparticles in vivo were reviewed. Toxicological effects of iron-based nanoparticies on plants,aquatic animals, soil animals, microorganisms and ceils were summarized. The study about the effects of iron-based nanoparticles on population and community was still limited, and the toxicity results highlight the need for further long term and chronic toxicological research. Factors influencing the toxic effects of iron-based nanoparticles were analyzed. Moreover,the existing problems and challenges in toxicological researches of iron-based nanoparticles were summarized and the relative suggestions were proposed.