外源茉莉酸诱导菜豆对西花蓟马和南方小花蝽的行为反应

Behavioral responses of Frankliniella occidentalis and Orius similis to kidney bean volatiles induced by exogenous jasmonic acid

【目的】为明确茉莉酸诱导的菜豆对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis和南方小花蝽Orius similis的行为反应。【方法】采用四臂嗅觉仪测定了西花蓟马和南方小花蝽对不同浓度茉莉酸诱导菜豆后的行为反应,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了不同浓度茉莉酸处理后菜豆挥发物的成分。【结果】不同浓度茉莉酸处理的菜豆植株对西花蓟马和南方小花蝽分别有不同程度的驱避和吸引作用,以1 mmol/L的茉莉酸处理植株对西花蓟马的驱避作用最强,0.1 mmol/L的茉莉酸处理植株对南方小花蝽的吸引作用最强。不同处理菜豆的挥发物在含量和成分上存在显著差异,(Z)-3-己烯丙酸酯、2-异丙基-甲氧基毗嗦只有在茉莉酸处理植株中检测到。结合不同浓度茉莉酸处理植株对西花蓟马和南方小花蝽的行为反应及菜豆挥发物含量的变化趋势,推测(E)-2-己烯醛对西花蓟马有驱避作用,(E)-2-乙酸叶醇酯对南方小花蝽具有引诱作用。【结论】茉莉酸处理菜豆后,植物挥发物种类和含量发生了变化,在增强菜豆植株抗虫性的同时,还可增强捕食性天敌南方小花蝽的搜索和捕食能力。

[Objectives] To investigate the effects of bean volatiles induced by jasmonic acid on the behavior of Frankliniella occidentalis, and its natural enemy, Orius similis. [Methods] The responses of F. occidentalis and O. similis to bean volatiles induced by different concentrations of exogenous jasmonic acid were tested in a four arm-olfactometer. Volatiles were identified by GC-MS and compared. [Results] The volatiles induced by exogenous jasmonic acid were all, to some degree, repellent to F. occidentalis and attractive to O. similis. The most repellant volatiles were produced by treatment with by 1 mmol/L of jasmonic acid, and the most attractive by treatment by 0.1 mmol/L of jasmonic acid. The composition of volatiles produced following different treatments were significantly different.（Z）-3-hexenyl propionate and 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine were only found in jasmonic acid induced bean volatiles. Analysis of the behavioral responses of the two insect species to different volatiles suggests that（E）-2-hexenal is repellent to F. occidentalis whereas（E）-2-hexenyl acetate is attractive to O. similis. [Conclusion] Application of exogenous jasmonic acid to bean plants can induce changes in volatiles composition that can repel F. occidentalis and attract O. similis.