海洋石油钻井平台生产性噪声慢性暴露对血清皮质醇水平的影响

Effect of chronic exposure to the industrial noise on the serum cortisol level of the workmen on the offshore oil platform

采用自身对照试验,利用个体噪声剂量系统检测海洋石油钻井平台作业人员在作业期间生产性噪声个体暴露水平(40 h等效声级),采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)分别检测噪声暴露作业前后血清皮质醇水平,并分析血清皮质醇水平变化与噪声暴露水平和暴露时间的关系。结果表明:噪声暴露作业后,全部作业人员血清皮质醇水平明显升高(p<0.05,α=0.05);不同噪声暴露水平作业人员血清皮质醇水平差别没有统计学意义(p>0.05);噪声暴露>20 d的作业人员血清皮质醇水平明显高于噪声暴露≤20 d者(p<0.05)。血清皮质醇水平变化与噪声暴露水平没有显著关联性,而与噪声暴露时间呈明显的正相关(p<0.05)。研究表明,生产性噪声慢性暴露使血清皮质醇水平升高,且暴露时间是主要影响因素。

The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of the chronic industrial noise exposure on the level of the serum cortisol of the workmen on the offshore oil platform of a Chinese state-owned oil-drilling company. For the research purpose,we have done a self-control and testing response of the sixty-one voluntary subjects by using a personal noise dosimeter in hoping to find their individual intensity of the noise exposure（ LEX,W） during the working hours. The test has been kept done to test the venous blood levels withdrawn both in the morning before they were going on board the oil platform and the next morning after they went back to the land. And,the serum cortisol levels can then be determined by ELISA method. The multiple linear regression has been conducted to analyze the correlation of serum cortisol level with the intensity and duration of the noise exposure. The results of our investigation and analysis can be shown as follows： The average intensity and duration of the noise exposure of the staffs were（ 71. 3 ± 8. 3） dB（ A） and（ 22. 2 ±8. 3） days,respectively. There were no significant difference of the serum cortisol level of the workers with different noise exposure intensities and duration before noise exposure（ p 〉0. 05,α = 0. 05）. After the industrial noise exposure for a period of approximately 20 days,the serum cortisol level of all the subjects has been found raised significantly（ p 〈0. 05）. And,no significant difference has been found about serum cortisol level of the subjects due to different intensities of noise exposure（ p 〉0. 05）.Multiple regression analysis also demonstrates that the duration of the noise exposure turns out to bring about a significant positive correlation with the serum cortisol level（ p〈 0. 05）,rather than the intensity of noise exposure. Therefore,in conclusion,it can be said that chronic industrial noise exposure has a significant effect on serum cortisol level,and the duration of noise exposure plays a major role but not intensity of noise exposure.