上下级关系:概念、测量、影响因素及其结果

Supervisor-Subordinate Guanxi:Concept, Measurement,Influence Factors and Results

中国组织情境中的上下级关系是在工作及非工作时间,通过长时间社会交往和互惠交换建立的一种人际关系,是除正式工作系统之外保证工作顺利进行的有效替代。文章回顾了组织中上下级关系的概念、特征及测量方法;基于社会交换理论和社会认同理论,对上下级关系建立和发展的影响因素及其产生的影响进行归纳,提出未来研究应注重基于中国本土环境,构建影响关系建立及其结果的机制、整合不同质量类型的上下级关系,为中国组织的管理实践提供理论依据。

Supervisor-subordinate guanxi is a personal relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate that is developed largely from non-work related social interactions both inside and outside working hours in Chinese organizations and functions as an alternative to formal organizational system that gets things done. This paper reviews the concept, characteristics and measuring methods of organizational supervisor-subordinate guanxi; the influence factors, which are helpful to the establishment and development of supervisor-subordinate guanxi and its management practice results are summarized, based on social exchange theory and social identity theory. Finally, this paper presents three research agendas for future research on supervisor-subordinate guanxi： Conducting studies based on Chinese context, building mechanism of motivation to establish supervisor-subordinate guanxi and its results, integrating different quality types of relationship between supervisors and subordinate and providing theoretical basis for the practice of management in Chinese organizations.