基于生理发育时间的压砂地西瓜发育动态模型及验证

Growth and development dynamic model of watermelon in gravel-mulched field based on physiological development time

考虑土壤、水分、养分、温度和光照等因素综合作用对压砂地西瓜生长发育和叶面积指数的影响,建立压砂地西瓜生长发育动态模型和叶面积指数发育模型。于2006年和2009年进行田间和桶栽试验,分别用生理发育时间法和Logistic方程建立压砂地西瓜生长发育阶段和叶面积指数模型,并对模型进行了检验。结果表明:1)压砂地西瓜生长发育阶段模型相对均方根误差(normalized root mean square of error,n RMSE)5.4%和9.6%(小于10%),相关系数r接近1;2)叶面积指数模型干旱年模拟n RMSE为2.3%,r为0.98;平水年模拟n RMSE为2.2%,r为0.98;丰水年模拟n RMSE为0.34%,r为0.98。可见,建立的模型能够准确模拟西瓜发育动态及叶面积指数动态变化。研究可为生产实践和科学研究提供参考。

Studies on growth and development dynamics of watermelon in gravel-mulched field are helpful in improving utilization efficiency of nutrient, reducing influence of ageing gravel-mulched field on watermelon growth and development and scientifically regulating and controlling watermelon growth and development. This article took into consideration of soil moisture, nutrient, temperature and illumination and established watermelon growth and development dynamic model and leaf area index（LAI） model of watermelon in gravel-mulched field. In 2006, a field experiment was performed in Yinxi Group, Hongquanzi Village, Zhongwei City, Ningxia（37°0＇N, 105°12＇E）. In 2009, two different barrel experiments were conducted under rain shelter. Since the development dynamic model was built based on experience and previous published results. Data from the field and barrel experiments were used to validate the model. The LAI model was established by logistic model, a regression model. The model establishment was based on the results from one barrel experiment in 2009 and the model validation was based on those from the other barrel experiment in 2009. All the experiment simulated dry year, normal year and wet year with volumetric soil moisture of 11-20, 13-24 and 16-27 cm^3/cm^3, respectively. In the field experiment, organic fertilizer was 150 kg/hm^2 for all types of years. In the barrel experiment for LAI model establishment, organic fertilizer was 0, 600, 1 200 and 1 800 kg/hm^2. In the barrel experiment for LAI model validation, in addition to application amount above, organic fertilizer amount expanded to 1 560 kg/hm^2 and urea was also used with different amount of 48, 61.5 and 33 kg/hm^2. The experiment was under drip irrigation under film mulching. Model evaluation was based on root mean square of error（RMSE）, normalized RMSE（n RMSE）, and correlation coefficient（r）. The results showed that： 1） the growth and development dynamic model had the RMSE of 0.95 and 1.78 d, n RMSE of 9.6% and 5.45, and r about 1. It suggested that the model was reliable in simulating growth and development dynamics of watermelon in gravel-mulched field; 2） the LAI model had RMSE of 0.00074-0.0033 d, n RMSE of 0.34%-2.3%, and r of 0.98 under all the type of year. The simulation results of the logistic model were consistent with the measured values and it could fit well the peaks of LAI curves. The LAI model had high accuracy of simulation of watermelon LAI in gravel-mulched field. The models here could be used for understanding watermelon growth dynamics in gravel-mulched field, and provide technical support for improving the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer, and regulating and controlling watermelon growth process effectively.