荒漠草原不同放牧强度甲虫群落多样性研究

Study on beetle community in desert steppe at different grazing rates

利用巴氏罐诱法对荒漠草原不同放牧强度草地的甲虫群落组成、多样性进行调查。共捕获甲虫14科5 256头,步甲科、埋葬甲科及金龟科为优势类群。甲虫数量随放牧强度增加而递减;群落多样性以重度放牧草地最大,轻度放牧草地最小;对照、中度、重度群落优势度显著高于轻度放牧草地(P<0.01)。各甲虫类群出现时间、在不同放牧强度草地的甲虫数量高峰期均不同,在同一生境中的优势度随时间变化。而植物盖度、生物量、枯落物干重、土壤有机质、土壤p H、土壤含水量是影响甲虫群落分布及多样性的主要环境因子。

Diversity of Coleopteran community in the desert steppe at different grazing rates were studied using baited pitfall traps. A total of 5 256 coleopteran individuals were captured and fell into 14 families,among which Carabidae,Silphidae,Scarabaeidae were dominant. The number of beetles was decreased by grazing intensity, Community diversity was the largest in heavily grazed grassland, and the smallest in lightly grazed grassland. Community dominance of contrast, Moderately grazed meadow, heavily grazed meadow, were significantly higher than lightly grazed meadow（P 0.01）.Different beetle species appeared at different time, The peaks of Individual numbers at different stocking rates were different. The dominance of different species in the same habitat was different by time. Plant cover, biomass, litter dry weight, soil organic matter,soil p H, soil moisture were the main factors which affect the beetle community.