北洋政府时期教育官员对美国学校体育的考察

Survey of the Physical Education in American Schools by the Education Officials in Northern Warlord Government Period

北洋政府时期,中国近代体育的发展再次经历了历史转型,即主要由原来模仿日本而转向全面学习美国,这一趋势一直延续到最后整个中国近代体育的完成。本文在阅读大量北洋政府时期教育官员考察报告和演讲资料的基础上,就他们对美国学校体育考察的背景、内容、影响3个方面展开初步讨论。当时教育部门官派人员对美国学校体育的考察,加快和促进了中国学校体育的历史转型,其中包括学校体育思想的转变、课程内容的增加、对体育理论知识的重视和加强以及注重运动员体育道德的培育。

In the Northern Warlord government period, the development of Chinese modem sports once more experienced a historical transformation. That is to say, tt ended imitating Japan and started to learn from the US. And the trend lasted until the completion of the entire Chinese modem sports. This paper makes a preliminary study on the three aspects of the background, content and influence of Chinese educators＇ investigation in American schools on the basis of the researchers＇ extensive study on the investigation reports and presentation materials. The research concludes that at that time, the survey of the education officials for physical education in American schools promoted the historical transformation of Chinese physical education. This can be seen in the change of physical educational concept, the increase of PE curriculum, the strengthening of sports theoretical knowledge and paying more attention to the cultivation of sports ethics.