上海市青少年生殖健康相关知识与态度现状研究

Survey on reproductive health related knowledge and attitude among teen-agers in Shanghai

目的了解上海市青少年的生殖健康相关知识、态度及行为现状。方法本研究于2013年5—9月,采用分层整群抽样法,选取上海市4个区8所普通高中、8所职业高中、8所初级中学和2所普通高校,共计4 942名学生接受自行设计的问卷调查。结果被调查者中男性2 456名,女性2 486名,平均年龄(16.84±1.53)岁。青少年生殖健康知识知晓率较低,尤其是妊娠和避孕知识,且存在明显的性别和阶段差异。青少年对性相关行为的态度较开放,对婚前性行为、未婚同居、未婚先孕、一夜情和多性伴的接受率分别为66.9%、62.7%、34.0%、28.1%和28.1%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,青少年对婚前性行为的接受态度与性别、教育阶段、安全套与性病知识及恋爱行为有关(P<0.05)。结论上海市青少年掌握的生殖健康知识较匮乏,对性相关行为的态度较开放。应重视青少年生殖健康知识教育及观念引导,帮助青少年构建系统、完整、全面的生殖健康知识技能体系。

Objective To understand the current status of knowledge, attitude and behaviors on reproductive health among the teen-agers in Shanghai. Methods During May to September 2013, the survey was conducted among 4 942 students in eight high schools, eight vocational high schools, eight middle schools and two universities in four districts in Shanghai, using stratified cluster sampling method. Results The subjects included 2 456 males and 2 486 females with an average age of （ 16.84 ±1.53 ）. The teen-agers had a low level of knowledge on reproductive health, especially the knowledge of pregnancy and contraception, and there was significant difference in gender and age groups respectively. The attitude towards sex-related behaviors was open. The acceptance rate of premarital sexual behavior, unmarried cohabitation, premarital pregnancy, one-night stand and multiple sexual partners was 66.9%, 62.7%, 34.0%, 28. 1%, and 28. 1% respectively. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the acceptance of premarital sexual behavior was correlated to gender, education level, knowledge of condom and sexually transmitted diseases, and love behavior （ P 〈 0.05 ） . Conclusion The teen-agers in Shanghai have poor knowledge of reproductive health and an open attitude towards sex-related behaviors. It is important to pay attention to the education and guidance of teen-agers＇reproductive health knowledge, so as to help them build a complete and comprehensive system on reproductive health knowledge and skills.