可召回机制下的航空公司定价问题研究

Research of Airline Pricing Strategy for Callable Mechanism

由于航空业高固定成本和较低边际成本,以及其产品(服务)的易逝性特点,使得航空公司不得不更深层次的挖掘其短期内有限资源的更合理化利用。由于预测自身不可避免的固疾和近些年超售负面效应越来越明显,可召回这种对舱位进行柔性分配的思想越来越受到重视。本文引入减值成本来衡量可召回机制所带来的风险成本,利用多等级差别定价理论,并假定召回补偿是采用召回前补偿的方式,建立了可召回机制下线性需求的收益优化及定价模型,而后又采用非线性规划搜索算法分别求解,并对其进行了算例验证和分析。结论表明在淡季设置可召回票的目的更多是促销,而在旺季时设置可召回票的最大目的是为了规避高舱位需求预测的不准确所带来的机会收益的损失,更多的是增加航班的收益。

Airlines have to dig deeper to rationalize limited resources within the short-term because the aviationindustry is characterized by high fixed costs, low marginal costs and perishable inventory. Predictions have una-voidable errors, and in recent years the inevitable negative effects of overbooking have become more and moreapparent, but more consideration has been given to the idea of allocating capacity strategies. In this paper weintroduce the degradation cost to measure the cost of recalling risk, and then on the basis of the multi-level theoryof differential pricing, while assuming that compensation is ahead of the recalling, we establish the static pricingmodels on linear demand. Ultimately, the search algorithm is used to solve the nonlinear programming problem,and Matlab software is used to analyze it. The conclusion shows that the aim of callable mechanism in the lowseason is promotion, while in the peak season it avoids loss of opportunity revenue due to high level capacityinaccurate forecasting, which can increase flights＇ revenue.