职业女性生殖道高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染自然清除及其影响因素

Natural clearance and influencing factors of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in genital tract of professional women

目的探讨职业女性生殖道高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染自然清除情况及其影响因素。方法对初次检测高危型HPV阳性的196例职业女性进行为期2年的随访检测,探讨各因素与宫颈高危型HPV持续感染的关系。结果 196例女性的生殖道高危型HPV自然清除率为73.47%（144/196）,中位数时间为13.6个月,持续感染率为19.39%（38/196）,进展率为7.14%（14/196）。年龄、避孕方式、初始病毒载荷量以及患有生殖道炎症是高危型HPV自然清除的影响因素（χ^2=15.478、5.439、8.007、37.692,P〈0.05）;与女性文化程度、初次性生活年龄及初始细胞学结果无明显相关性（χ^2=0.568、0.415、0.788,P〉0.05）。结论大多数职业女性生殖道高危型HPV感染可在2年内被自然清除。对于无症状、低病毒载荷量的高危型HPV感染者宜密切随访,避免过度治疗。

[Objective] To investigate the natural clearance rate and influencing factors of high-risk human papillomavirus（HPV）infection in genital tract of professional women. [Methods]196 professional women who were positive for high-risk HPV in the first examination were followed up for 2 years,to explore the factors influenced the persistent infection of high-risk HPV.[Results]The natural clearance rate of high-risk HPV was 73.47%（144/196）,with the median viral clearance time of 13.6 months. The persistent infection rate was 19.39%（38/196） and the progress rate was 7.14%（14/196）. Age,contraceptive methods,initial viral load and reproductive tract inflammation were the influencing factors of natural clearance of high-risk HPV（χ^2=15.478,5.439,8.007,37.692,P〈0.05）. While there were no significant correlations between the natural clearance and education level,age of the first sexual experience,the initial cytology results（χ^2=0.568,0.415,0.788,P〉0.05）.[Conclusion]Most of high-risk HPV infection in genital tract among professional women can be cleared naturally within 2 years. The over treatment should be avoided for high-risk HPV infection cases with asymptomatic or low viral load.