制糖造纸行业病原微生物污染和检测方法研究进展

Research progress on pathogenic microorganism pollution and testing methods in sugar paper industries

对制糖造纸行业病原微生物污染和检测方法进行综述。首先,介绍了制糖造纸行业潜在的致病微生物种类及其引起的致病情况,特别是工人因接触发霉甘蔗渣引起的蔗渣肺情况。然后,阐述了病原微生物的采集方法、检测方法和检测技术的研究进展,比较了直接涂片染色镜检、分离培养与生化反应、活体组织细胞培养等传统病原微生物的检测技术与综合应用微生物学、化学、生物化学、生物物理学、免疫学和血清学等快速检测方法的优劣。最后,提出了积极开展职业卫生专项调查、建立常见病原微生物的快速检测标准与职业接触限值、尝试生物防治、加强管理减少发霉污染的工序、加强个人防护意识等防治措施。

This paper summarizes the pathogenic microorganism pollution and testing methods in sugar paper industries. Firstly,it introduces potential pathogenic microorganism species in sugar paper industries and pathogenic condition induced by them,especially the bagasse lung because of exposure to mouldy bagasse. And then,it summarizes the research progress of acquisition method,testing methods and detecting technique of pathogenic microorganism,compares the advantages and disadvantages of traditional pathogenic microorganism detection technology（direct smear staining microscopy, separation of cultivation and biochemical reactions,living tissue cell culture,et al） and rapid detection method（integrated application of microbiology,chemistry,biochemistry,biophysics,immunology and serology）.Finally,the occupational prevention and control measures such as actively carrying out special occupational health survey,establishing a common pathogenic microorganism rapid detection standards and occupational exposure limit, trying to biological control, strengthening the management of reducing mould contamination progress and strengthening personal protection consciousness are proposed.