聚丙烯腈膜的碱改性及耐溶剂性能研究

Solvent resistant performance of alkaline modified polyacrylonitrile membrane

采用氢氧化钠溶液对聚丙烯腈膜进行改性,通过溶胀度表征了膜在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、苯、乙醇、异丙醇,正丁醇等有机溶剂中的耐受性。系统研究了碱液浓度、改性时间、改性温度对膜耐溶剂性能的影响,并借助傅里叶转换红外光谱对其原因进行了初步分析。结果表明,适度改性有利于提高膜的耐溶剂性能,过度改性会极大地破坏膜结构,降低耐溶剂性及膜的力学性能。较佳碱改性条件为碱液浓度2mol/L,改性时间3h,改性温度45℃。

Polyacrylonitrile membranes were modified by NaOH aqueous solution. The swelling degree of mem- branes was applied to characterise the solvent resistance of membranes in different organic solvents such as dimethylacet- amide, benzene, alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and butyl alcohol. The effects of alkali solution concentration, modification tem- perature and modification time on the solvent resisitant of membanes were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectros copy was applied to analyse the results. The results indicated that, after moderate modification, the solvent resistant of membrane can be improved, however, excessive modification would destory the structure of membranes and reduced the sol- vent resistant property and mechanical strength. The optimum conditions were as follows： concentration of NaOH solution 2mol/L,reaetion time 3h and modification temeprature 45℃.