兴隆山自然保护区高海拔杜鹃物候观测调查研究

Phenological Observation and Research on High Latitude Rhododendron Simsii in Xinglongshan Nature Reserve

兴隆山保护区杜鹃属植物大多分布于海拔3 000m左右,为适生于冷湿生境的植被类型,是亚高山针叶林带与高山草甸之间的稳定原生群落,在植被垂直带中占有一定地位。本文以分布于兴隆山马啣山地区的高海拔野生杜鹃为研究对象,通过2012—2015年连续4a对其发芽期、芽膨大期、展叶期、开花期、结果期、果实成熟期的观测记录研究,初步掌握了其物候格局,提出了加强当地杜鹃花(Rhododendron Simsii Planch.)资源保护工作的建议,为合理开发和利用野生杜鹃花属种质资源提供科学依据和参考。

Majority of Rhododendron Simsii Planch. in Xinglongshan Nature Reserve are distributed in high latitude a- round 3 000 meters. Being a specie adapted to cold and humid habitat, azaleas can be a stable native population exist be- tween subalpine coniferous forest and alpine meadow, and occupied a certain position in the vegetation vertical belt. In this paper, azaleas in Maxianshan area of Xinglongshan Nature Reserve, where is located at high latitude, are regarded as research object, and by tracking the dates of germination, bud expansion, leaf unfolding, flowering, fruit ripping in 4 years from 2012--2015, the phenological pattern are preliminary understood and suggestions for improving local azaleas conservation are given, which provide scientific references for reasonable development and utilizing.