仪式暴力的公共性与合理化——勒内·吉拉德论宗教与暴力

近段时间发生的英国脱欧、欧美社会因移民问题引发的一系列暴力事件,使得美国已故学者亨廷顿的"文明冲突论"再度成为热点。这些信息表明,人类社会正进入冷战之后最为深刻的裂变和重组时期,社会团结重新成为当下世界的难题。这一难题在中国的涌现,则是由三十多年来总体性社会不可规避地走向解体引发的。现代社会的团结问题,质言之即重建公共性的问题。本专题的三篇论文构建起了一个从理论到经验的公共性研究的连续谱,其中,肖文以共同体取向与个人主义构成的范畴为视角,梳理了公共性在西方思想史中的源和流,呈现了公共性在现代性条件下的基本特质;郭文则集中研究吉拉德关于从个体欲望到公共性危机的转化逻辑和化解机制,突出了公共性的文化维度;盛文讨论业主维权中的公共性缺失与强人政治之间的相互再生产关系,从经验角度再现了中国基层社会治理的公共性困境。这样一种结构安排,相信对于读者从不同角度理解公共性会有所帮助。

some violence caused by immigration in Europe and the United States makes us think of American Samuel Huntington's theory of civilization conflict,which shows that social solidarity has become a difficult problem. In essence,social solidarity is how to rebuild public order. Here are three papers. Xiao Wen sorts out the source and flow of public order in the history of Western thought as well as its basic characteristics today. Guo Wen studies the changes from individual desire to public crisis and attaches importance to the cultural dimension of public order. Sheng Wen discusses the loss of public order in the right-keeping movement and the mutual relationship among eagle politics,which shows the public predicament of the social governance at the root level of China.