“精准扶贫”的地方实践困境及乡土逻辑——以云南玉村实地调查为讨论中心

The practical difficulties and local logic of Accurate poverty alleviation:A case study based on Yu village of Yunnan

通过对"精准扶贫"政策在村级实践过程的调研发现,在精准识别阶段出现了程序调整与选择性平衡,在精准帮扶过程中发生了"逼民致富"和贫困户参与不足,在精准管理环节又遭遇了由于权责不匹配而带来的管理体制僵化问题。而在这背后隐藏的是乡土社会的模糊性与农民之间的平均主义、农村扶贫主体缺失与小农生存伦理的抵抗以及部门之间条块化分割与基层社会组织困境的乡土逻辑,以上原因共同导致了精准扶贫地方实践与政策表达发生背离。最后提出了完善贫困户甄别机制、进行基层干部赋权、培育村庄内生社会组织以及加强扶贫绩效考核等政策建议。

Based on a survey in Yu village＇s ＂Accurate poverty alleviation＂ policies fieldwork practice, it is found that adjusted procedures and appears to selectively balance in the accurate identification stage, forcing people to become rich and poor households lack of participation occurred in precision helping stage, precise management aspects are also affected due to the mismatch responsibilities brought rigid management system problem. And in the behind this egalitarian society and Fuzziness local farmers, com- partmentalization between rural poverty and lack of body resistance and small farmers survive Ethics Di- lemma sector segmentation and grass- roots community organizations caused by local logic. Finally, we put forward policy recommendations to be grassroots empowerment, nurturing society organizations, and strengthen poverty alleviation performance appraisal.