母乳中宏量营养成分含量与新生儿相关因素的分析

Analysis between correlation factors of neonate and the content of macro nutrients in breast milk

摘要：实验采用队列研究的方法，收集华北地区和中南地区共四个城市乳母分娩后3-5d、12-14d、1月、2月、3月、4月和6月的母乳，测定中国现阶段健康乳母不同泌乳阶段母乳中脂肪、总蛋白质、乳糖、干物质、总能量和真蛋白质等宏量营养成分的动态变化，同时研究分娩方式和婴儿性别与各宏量营养成分之间的关系。母乳中宏量营养成分含量的测定采用MIRISHMA母乳分析仪。结果表明初乳中顺产组的母乳中总蛋白质和真蛋白质含量显著高于剖宫产组的（P〈0．05），过渡乳中脂肪、总蛋白质、乳糖、干物质、总能量和真蛋白质等宏量营养成分含量在顺产、剖宫产两组间均无显著性差异（p〉0．05），成熟乳（6月时）中剖宫产组的母乳中乳糖和干物质含量显著高于顺产组的（p〈0．05）。此外，初乳和过渡乳中脂肪、总蛋白质、乳糖、干物质、总能量和真蛋白质等宏量营养成分含量在男孩、女孩两组间均无显著性差异（p〉0．05），但是成熟乳中女孩组3月时的母乳中脂肪和总能量含量，4月时的总蛋白质和真蛋白质含量显著高于男孩组的（p〈0．05）。不同分娩方式及婴儿性别对母乳中宏量营养成分的含量有一定影响。

The cohort study method was used to collect breast milk from 3~5 d ,12~14 d, l month,2 month,3 month, 4 month and 6 month postpartum in north China and south central region, respectively,in order to investigate the dynamic changes of fat, protein, lactose, dry matter ,total energy and true protein in breast milk of Chinese healthy lactating women at different lactation stages.At the same time, the relationship between the mode of delivery and the sex of the baby and the macro nutrients concentrations was analyzed.The MIRIS HMA milk analyzer was used to analyze macro nutrients concentrations in breast milk.The results showed that in colostrums,the total protein and true protein content of spontaneous labor group were higher than cesarean section group（p 〈 0.05）.In transitional milk,all macro nutrients concentrations were not affected by the mode of delivery （ p 〉 0.05 ）. In mature milk （6 month）,the lactose and dry matter content of cesarean section group were higher than spontaneous labor group （p 〈 0.05）. Furthermore, in colostrums and transitional milk, all macro nutrients concentrations were not affected by the sex of the baby（p 〉0.05） ,but in mature milk,the fat and total energy of 3 month and protein and true protein of 4 month content of girl group were higher than boy group（p 〈0.05）.The content of macro nutrients in breast milk related to the mode of delivery and the sex of the baby.