小神经胶质细胞在阿尔兹海默症中的病因学作用

The etiology mechanism of microglia in the development of Alzheimer's disease

阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimer's disease,AD),是由Aβ共聚物以及高度磷酸化的tau蛋白在脑部积累导致的神经系统退行性疾病。根据发病年龄可分为早发性(early-onset Alzheimer's disease,EOAD)和晚发性(late-onset Alzheimer's disease,LOAD)。随着对AD的深入研究,许多报道揭示了由小神经胶质细胞引发的炎症反应以及小神经胶质细胞中部分遗传因素在AD发展过程中的重要性。本文综述了小神经胶质细胞在AD发展过程中的病因学作用。

Alzheimer＇s disease（ AD） is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by the accumulation of Aβ oligomer and hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the brain. Based on the onset age,the AD could be classified into the early-onset Alzheimer＇s disease（ EOAD） and the late-onset Alzheimer＇s disease（ LOAD）. With the progress of the studies of AD,a plenty of researches reveal that the neuroinflammation triggered by the microglia and several genetic factors of microglia act a pivotal role in the development of AD. In this paper,we review the etiology mechanism of microglia in AD.