基于技术生态位的集群企业协同创新组织模式研究——以湖南省工程机械产业集群为例

Research on Collaborative Innovation Organizational Pattern of Cluster Enterprises Based on Technological Niche——Take Hunan Engineering Machinery Industry Cluster as Example

集群企业之间技术生态位关联性主要包括竞争型、互补型与单向型三种类型,出于企业"生存策略"需要,不同技术生态位环境下集群企业协同创新的组织模式应有所差别:竞争型技术生态位企业适宜政府主导的项目制和实体制协同创新组织模式;互补型技术生态位企业适宜市场导向型的共建制和联盟制协同创新组织模式;单向型技术生态位企业适宜宿主型企业主导的项目制和联盟制协同创新组织模式。针对不同情形,政府部门应主动作为,有效采取不同政策措施,充分激发集群企业参与协同创新的积极性,实现产业集群创新驱动发展与升级。

The technological niche relations among cluster enterprises mainly include three types： the competitive, complementary and one- way type, and for enterprise＇ s ＂survival strategy＂ needs, under the different technological niche environment, collaborative innovation organizational pattern of cluster enterprises should be different： competitive technology niche enterprises are appropriate for governmentled project scheme and the real system; complementary technology niche enterprises are appropriate for market - oriented co - construction scheme and alliance system; one - way technology niche enterprises are appropriate for host enterprises - oriented the project scheme and alliance system. According to different situations, the government departments should take aeton initiativly, to take different policies and measures effectively, and fully inspire the enthusiasm of cluster enterprises to involved in collaborative innovation, then realizing that the industrial cluster innovation drives its development and upgrade.