财政与科技政策对全要素生产率的影响研究——以湖南为例

Research on the Effects of Fiscal and Science Policy on TFP——Take Hunan as Example

运用Malmquist指数方法对湖南14个市州2002-2014年的面板数据进行分析,测算了湖南全省及14个市州的全要素生产率,并分析了财政和科技政策对其的影响,结果表明:湖南省全要素生产率波动较大,主要得益于技术进步;偏低的规模效率导致了偏低的技术效率;各市州全要素生产率波动较大,湘西自治州生产率最高;三个区域中,"3+5"城市群生产率普遍高于其他两个地区,湘南地区普遍低于其他两个地区;财政收入占比对全要素生产率有着明显的负面影响,财政收入占比变化率每提高1%,可导致全要素生产率下降0.34%;科技投入占比对全要素生产率有着明显的正面影响,科技投入占比每提高1%,可导致全要素生产率提高1.18%;财政和科技政策主要作用于技术效率,对技术进步没有显著影响。

This paper takes the Malmquist Index to approach 14 cities＇ data in Hunan from 2002 to 2014, to estimates TFP of the 14 cities, and analyzes the effects of fiscal and policy, the results show that： Hunan＇ s TFP fluctuates heavily, mainly due to technological progress, and the size of the low efficiency of technology leads to low efficiency ; TFP of 14 cities also fluctuates heavily, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture has highest productivity; ＂3 ＋ 5＂ city group＇ s productivity is generally higher than the other two regions, southern Hunan＇ s is generally lower than the other two regions; revenue share has a significant negative impact on TFP, the rate of change in accounting for revenue each increased by 1% can lead to TFP fell 0. 34% ; the proportion of investment in science and technology has a significant positive impact on total factor productivity, investment in science and technology accounted for every 1% increase can lead to TFP increase 1.18% ; fiscal and science policy accounted for a major role in technical efficiency, no significant effect on technological progress.