护理干预对直肠癌术后人工肛门患者生活质量的影响

Influence of nursing intervention on life quality of patients with artificial anus after rectal cancer surgery

目的 探讨护理干预对直肠癌术后人工肛门患者生活质量的影响。方法 选取2011年10月~2014年10月直肠癌术后人工肛门患者118例,根据护理方案分为两组,对照组59例实施常规护理,观察组59例实施护理干预,比较两组护理前与出院3个月时心理状况、生活质量,分析两组恢复与并发症情况。结果 出院3个月时两组HAMA评分、HAMD评分均显著降低（P〈0.01）,生活质量（生理功能、总体健康、生理职能、活力、精神健康、躯体疼痛、社会功能、情感职能）评分均显著增加（P〈0.01）。观察组住院时间明显短于对照组（P〈0.01）,HAMA评分、HAMD评分、造口狭窄率、术后腹泻率均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,生活质量（生理功能、总体健康、生理职能、活力、精神健康、躯体疼痛、社会功能、情感职能）评分、肛袋正确使用率均明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论 护理干预可显著提高直肠癌术后人工肛门患者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate influence of nursing intervention on life quality of patients with artificial anus after rectal cancer surgery.Methods 118 patients with artificial anus after rectal cancer surgery from October 2011 to Octo- ber 2014 were divided into two groups by nursing program.59 patients were treated conventional nursing as control group,59 patients were treated nursing intervention as observation group.Before nursing and discharge 3 months,psycho- logical status and life quality were compared between two groups,recovery and complications in two groups were ana- lyzed.Results Discharge 3 months in two groups,HAMA score and HAMD score significantly decreased （P〈0.01）,life quality scores （physiological function, overall health,physiological competency,activity,mental health,physical pain,social function,emotional function） significantly increased （P〈0.01）.Hospitalization time in observation group was significantly less than that of control group （P〈0.01）.HAMA score,HAMD score,stoma stenosis rate,postoperative diarrhea rate in obser- vation group was significantly lower than that of control group （P〈0.05）.Life quality scores（physiological function,overall health,physiological competency,activity,mental health,physical pain,social function,emotional function）,correct usage rate of anus bag in observation group was significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.01）.Conclusion Nursing in- tervention can significantly improve life quality of patients with artificial anus after rectal cancer surgery.