成都平原地区葡萄冬芽二次果结果技术研究

Research on Methods for the Secondary Fruit of Grapevine Winter Buds in Chengdu Plain

[目的]研究成都平原地区利用葡萄冬芽进行二次结果的技术体系。[方法]以当地3年生香悦、夏黑葡萄为试验材料,从处理时间、促进花芽分化方式和单氰胺浓度3个方面进行研究,总结一套适合当地的技术体系。[结果]在一次果坐果25 d后用15%多效唑1 000倍液或50%矮壮素1 500倍液喷施新梢,7 d后重复喷施1次,然后在第2次喷施10 d后用2.0%或2.5%单氰胺处理冬芽,以上技术措施能促进葡萄冬芽二次结果。冬芽的萌芽率、成枝率和结果枝率等生长势与一次果相近;冬芽二次果单穗重、单果重、果粒纵径和果粒横径等外观品质虽小于一次果,但葡萄的果肉硬度、可溶性固形物、还原糖、可滴定酸和维生素C含量等内在品质优于一次果。[结论]该技术适合成都平原地区葡萄二次果的生产。

[Objective] The aim was to investigate cultural techniques that can use grapevine winter buds to obtain the secondary fruit in Chengdu Plain.[ Method] Treatment date, different methods for flower bud differentiation and concentration of hydrogen cyanamide were em-ployed to analyze and obtain the best practices to suit local ecological conditions on grapevine Xiangyue and Summer Black in this study.[ Re-sult] The results showed that, first, 25 days after set fruits, new shoots were sprayed by 1 000 times solution of 15% paclobutrazol or 1 500 times solution of 50%chlorocholine chloride, and repeated this protocol after 7d, then winter buds on new shoots were treated by 2.0%or 2.5% cyanamide.Such technical protocols will contribute to promote set fruit of secondary fruit.Growth vigour of shoots for normal fruits and secondary fruits were similarity.Appearance-quality（ single soike weight, single fruit weight, fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit transverse diameter） of the secondary fruits was slightly inferior than that of normal fruit, however interior qualities（ flesh hardness, soluble solids, reduc-ing sugar,titratable acid and vitamin C content） were better.[ Conclusion] The technique is suitable for production of grape secondary fruit setting in Chengdu Plain.