宁夏天然草原鼠害发生及防治效果

Occurrence and Control Effects of Natural Grassland Rat in Ningxia

[目的]了解宁夏天然草原鼠害发生情况并研究其防控效果。[方法]运用夹日法、洞口系数调查法等方法对草原害鼠数量进行调查,并利用堵洞开洞法和捕净法对草原害鼠防治效果进行检查。[结果]春季灭鼠区域主要害鼠平均种群密度为甘肃鼢鼠161个土丘/hm2、达乌尔黄鼠59个土丘/hm2。长爪沙鼠平均有效洞口数为468个/hm2;C型、D型肉毒梭菌毒素杀鼠剂对草原鼠害的防治效果明显,灭后有效洞数明显减少;第1年鼢鼠灵投放10 d后平均灭效为65.9%,投药后第2年平均灭效为93.9%。[结论]试验结果为草原鼠害控制提供了理论依据。

[Objective] To grasp the occurrence and control effects of natural grassland rat in Ningxia.[Method] Night trap method, cave coef-ficient survey method and so on were used to investigate the rat number in grassland.The control effects of grassland rat were researched by cave-blocking and cave-opening method and capturing out method.[Result] The average population densities of main rats in killing rodents area in spring were 161 hills/hm2 of Myospalax cansus, 59 hills/hm2 of Spermophilus dauricus.The average effective cave number of Mongolian gerbil was 468 caves/hm2; Botulin type C and D had significant effects on the control of grassland rats.After application, the effective cave number significantly reduced.In the first year, average drug effect of Fenshuling on the 10th day was 65.9%, and that in the second year was 93.9%. [ Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for the control of grassland rats.