湾区经济表征及其开放机理发凡

The Characterization of Bay Area Economy and Its Open Mechanism

通过对五大湾区对外开放的历史和现状的梳理,并使用主成分分析法测算各湾区及其内部城市的对外开放度,结果表明,湾区经济是根据海湾的天然地理特点而自然形成的;全国和五大湾区内部城市的对外开放度均以湾区为核心向内地辐射呈梯度分布,五大湾区综合开放度从高到低依次是环珠江口湾区、环长江口湾区、环渤海湾湾区、海峡西岸湾区、环北部湾湾区。基于湾区的特点对"引力"模型理论进行拓展,分析表明,人力资本水平、文化包容度、经济增长速度及基础设施便利性等因素决定了湾区经济的梯度开放格局。选用二维集群标准误差回归方法进行验证,结果显示:经济增长速度、文化包容度对对外开放度产生显著的正向影响,基础设施便利性、人力资本水平具有正向影响,显著性依次减弱。为此,应提升"湾区经济开放"在国家开放战略中的地位,充分发挥好湾区经济增长极的作用,提升基础设施建设和人力资本水平,提高文化包容度。

Through analyzing and sorting the opening-up history and present situation of China＇s five bay areas, as well as measuring the opening-up degree of the five bay areas and their inner cities respectively with the method of principal component analysis, the results present that： The bay area economy forms naturally for its geographic features; the opening-up degree shows a graded distribution across the whole country which radiates from bay areas to the mainland; in order by the integrated opening-up degree, the five bay area ranks as Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Bohai Sea Bay, Straits West Bay and Beibu Gulf （from high to low）.The gravity model theory is expanded according to the feature of bay area, and finds that factors like human capital level, cultural tolerance, speed of economic growth, convenience of infrastructure decide the opening-up pattern of bay area. The empirical analysis with the method of cluster 2 indicates that the speed of economic growth and cultural tolerance have a positive impact on the opening-up degree significantly, convenience of infrastructure and human capital level have positive effects on opening-up degree, with successive degreasing significance. Therefore, the position of the bay area economy＇s opening up in the national opening-up strategy should be promoted, we also should make full use of the bay area＇s economic growth pole, enhance the level of infrastructure and human capital, and improve the degree of cultural tolerance.