农地流转中的政府作用:裁判员抑或运动员——基于苏、鄂、桂、黑四省(区)农户农地流转满意度的实证分析

The role of government in farmland transfer: Referee or player?——Empirical evidence from households' satisfaction about farmland transfer in Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangxi and Hei Longjiang Provinces

本文从政府农地流转干预对农户农地流转满意度影响的视角研究农地流转中如何发挥政府的作用。研究结果表明,在当前农村特定的人地关系和社会经济环境背景下,政府在农地流转中不仅要做"裁判员",而且要做"运动员"角色。两种角色的共存互补可以有效地降低交易成本,显化农地交易价格,稳定农地经营预期。为避免政府"运动员"角色可能带来的侵权负面效应,需要对政府农地流转行为进行必要地限定,以避免侵害农民农地流转自主权。从长远来看,随着农户农地流转意识和能力的提高,农地流转市场的逐步完善,尤其是农地流转市场环境的改善,政府应该逐步退出"运动员"角色,依靠市场主体本身或发展非政府性质的中介组织来促进农地流转。

The paper analyzes the role of local governments in farmland transfer based on the impact of governmental intervention on households＇ satisfaction about farmland transfer. The results obtained from empirical evidence from Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangxi and Heilongjiang Provinces indicate local governments should play both ＂referee＂ and ＂player＂ roles during farmland transfer in the context of current rural demographic-land relations and social economic environment. The complementary of ＂referee＂ and ＂player＂ roles can effectively reduce transaction costs, manifest farmland transaction prices and stabilize the expected benefit of farmland management. In order to avoid potential infringements caused by the ＂player＂ role, it is necessary to standardize governments＂ behavior of farmland transfer and reduce governments＂ restrictions on free transfer of farmland. From the longrange perspective, as farm households＂ awareness and ability of transferring land increase and farmland transfer market gradually improves, especially the environment surrounding farmland transfer market improves, local governments should drop out the ＂player＂ role, rely more on the market itself or develop non-government intermediary organizations to promote farmland transfer.