大豆四向重组自交系群体蛋白质含量与油分含量QTL定位

Mapping QTL Protein and Oil Contents Using Population from Four-way Recombinant Inbred Lines for Soybean(Glycine max L.Merr.)

蛋白质和油分含量是大豆重要的育种目标,蛋白质和油分含量QTL定位和优异等位变异的发掘对大豆分子设计育种具有重要意义。本研究以（垦丰14×垦丰15）×（黑农48×垦丰19）衍生的后代株系为材料,构建含有204个株系的大豆四向重组自交系群体,利用区间作图法,应用前期构建的SSR遗传图谱,对2013、2014和2015年在哈尔滨和克山2地共8个环境下的蛋白质和油分含量进行QTL定位分析。结果表明,8个环境中检测到29个蛋白质含量QTL和39个油分含量QTL。在所定位的蛋白质含量QTL中,有5个能够在2个以上环境被定位到,这些蛋白质含量QTL分布在A1、D2、J、N和O等6个连锁群上,对表型效应的贡献率为7.65%~20.08%,其中q PC-A1-1、q PC-D2-1、q PC-J-1和q PC-O-2的贡献率在10%以上。在39个油分含量QTL中,有10个在多环境下被重复检测到,这些QTL分布在8个（A1、A2、B1、D1b、G、I、J、N）连锁群上,对表型效应的贡献率为7.30%~25.68%,其中q OC-A2-1、q OC-B1-1、q OC-G-1和q OC-J-1的贡献率在10%以上。

Increasing protein content（PC） and oil content（OC） are main goals in soybean improvement, so mapping quantitative trait locus（QTL） and mining elite alleles underlying PC and OC are of importance for molecular design breeding in soybean. In this research a four-way recombinant inbred line population derived from double cross（Kenf 14 × Kenf 15） ×（Hein 48 × Kenf 19） with 204 lines was used to analyze the data of PC and OC from the field experiments in eight environments across Harbin and Keshan in 2013, 2014, and 2015 by interval map method based on a linkage map constructed in previous research. The 29 PC QTLs and 39 OC QTLs were detected from eight planting environments. Among the twenty-nine PC QTLs, five were detected across over two environments, which distributed on six linkage groups, i.e. A1, D2, J, N and O, with explained phenotypic variation（PVE） ranging from 7.65% to 20.08%. Four of them, i.e. q PC-A1-1, q PC-D2-1, q PC-J-1, and q PC-O-2, showed PVE over 10%. Of the thirty-nine OC QTLs, ten were found in more than two environments, which were located on linkage groups A1, A2, B1, D1 b, G, I, J, and N with PVE ranging from 7.30% to 25.68%. Four out of the ten QTLs that included q OC-A2-1, q OC-B1-1, q OC-G-1, and q OC-J-1 had PVE above 10%.