建设项目大中型事故阶段性实时管理框架

A stage model based framework for real time management of medium-large construction accidents

为有效预防和实时控制建设项目大中型事故,构建事故阶段性管理框架(MFCASM)。首先在比较分析灾难、危机与建设项目大中型事故相似性的基础上,巩固已有阶段模型;进而建立基于阶段模型的事故实时管理框架,研究事故致因因素及其属性、信息技术(IT)的支持等各组成要素;最后应用2009年上海发生的一个建筑物整体倒塌实例验证框架的有效性。结果表明,该管理框架通过IT获得现场致因因素属性各阶段变化信息,为事故控制实时决策提供支持,有效解决建设项目大中型事故实时进程控制问题。

Aiming at timely controlling medium-large sized construction accidents effectively during their development process, this paper presented a solution for the accidents process control. By referring to the similarities between disaster, crisis and medium-large sized construction accidents, the stage model for the latter was consolidated, and then a comprehensive conceptual framework of MCASM was established, in which, the attributes of the accidents＇ contributing factors and the corresponding supporting IT were analyzed. Finally, a certain building collapse accident taking place in 2009 in Shanghai was examined to illustrate how the framework works to help management of the accident. The results show that with the support of IT, information on the attributes can be provided to help make decision, which proposes an effective solution for dealing with the problem of real-time management of the construction accidents during the process.