二甲双胍抗肿瘤机制的研究进展

Research progress in anti-tumor effect of metformin

二甲双胍是临床中治疗2型糖尿病最常用的一线治疗药物,近年研究发现,二甲双胍不仅有降血糖的作用,还有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用,其抗肿瘤机制的焦点主要集中在激活单磷酸腺苷依赖的蛋白激酶途径、降低循环中胰岛素及胰岛素样生长因子水平、诱导细胞周期停滞、抑制血管生成及炎症反应、抑制氧自由基生成、抑制肿瘤干细胞增殖、联合相关药物增强对放疗及化疗的敏感性等,以此抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,减少糖尿病患者肿瘤的发病风险。目前,二甲双胍的抗肿瘤作用及其分子机制的研究已成为热点,本文就近年来二甲双胍抗肿瘤机制进行简要综述。

Metformin is the most commonly used first-line therapy drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical practice.In recent years,a large number of studies have found that metformin not only has the effect of reducing blood sugar,but also inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells,and the mechanism of anti-tumor mainly in the activation of a—denosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase pathway,the decrease of circulating insulin and insulin-like growth factor levels（induction of cell cycle arrest,inhibition of angiogenesis,inflammation,ROS and the proliferation of tumor stem cell,and the combination with related drugs to enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,so that metformin can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cell,and reduce the risk of cancer in patients with diabetes.This article reviews the recent progresses on the anti-tumor effects of metformin and its molecular mechanism,which has become a research hotspot now.