公体正用,体用一如——朱熹的公正哲学及其三维建构

On Zhu Xi's Philosophy of Justice and Its Three Dimensioned Construction

朱熹通过对《论语·里仁》"好仁恶仁"章的解释,扬弃了程门之学,并形成了"公体正用,体用一如"的公正哲学,但就其建构来说,这也只是其中的一维。对陆九渊心学理"的"心里公,好恶又未必皆当于理"的"公而不正",以及对吕祖谦史学理学的"切切然于事物之间求其是,而心却不公"的"正而不公"的批判,则是建构上的另外二维。三维建构,使朱熹公正哲学具有了历史感和立体感。阳明"致良知"之学是对朱熹公正哲学的继承。

By explaination of the Liren( 里仁) chapter of the Analects of Confucius, Zhu Xi transcended the concepts of the Cheng brothers about justice and expressed his argument focusing on gongti zhengyong( 公体正用, public interest as principle and practice accordingly) and tiyong yiru( 体用一如, principle and application consistent). Moreover, Zhu Xi criticized Lu Jiuyuan's opinion about gonger buzheng( 公而不正, public concern might not always lead to justice) and Lu Zuqian's opinion about zhenger bugong( 正而不公, justice might not always cooperate with public). These arguments formed up a three-dimensioned conceptual framework supporting Zhu Xi's philosophy of justice.