“可不”的词汇化

On the Lexicalization of “kebu”

副词"可不"的词汇化经历了一个漫长的发展过程。先秦至六朝,"可+不"常以线性序列共现在反问句、感叹句中;唐五代,"可不"处于词汇化过渡阶段;两宋时期,"可不"词汇化完成,作副词用;明清,"可不"词汇化发展成熟,用例较多,用法带有较强口语色彩。现代汉语里,副词"可不"的"岂不、难道不"义仅在少数方言中留存,通常单用,用于表附和、赞同对方的话,相当于"可不是"。

From pre-Qin period to the Six Dynasties, ＂Ke ＋ Bu＂ was used as a linear sequence form in rhetorical question sentence and exclamatory sentence; its lexicalization was in transition during the Tang and Wu Dynasty. The lexicalization completed during Nan and Bei Song dynasties. The lexicalization developed and matured with a lot use during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it was always used in spoken Chinese. In modern Chinese, kebu is used as an adverb and certain answer, the same with Kebushi; the other meaning counterquestion is just retained in some dialects.