凤仙花茎的不同提取物对金露花鲜切花的保鲜效应

Effect of Fresh-keeping Agent with Extracts of Impatiens Stem on Golden Dewdrop Cut Flowers

以紫色凤仙花茎为实验材料,将其剪碎研磨后分别加入水、95%乙醇、丙酮3种浸提液,浓度分别设置为0.01 g/m L、0.005 g/m L、0.0025 g/m L 3个梯度,分别测定金露花鲜切花的花枝鲜重变化率、水分平衡值、瓶插寿命.结果表明:不同浸取液均可以延缓切花水分平衡值的下降,减慢鲜切花的水分丧失的速度,其中丙酮与乙醇浸提液对鲜切花后期的保鲜效果更明显.当丙酮浸取液浓度为0.005 g/ml时,鲜花的瓶插寿命长达12d,乙醇浸取液浓度为0.005 g/ml的瓶插寿命为10d,对照瓶插寿命仅为4d.综合相比:凤仙花茎的3种不同提取液对鲜切花的保鲜的效果由高到低依次为丙酮>乙醇>水,在相同的浸取液中,不同的浓度的浸取液保鲜效果依次为0.005>0.0025>0.01,该研究为开发一种天然环保、高效无害,有利于推广的植物源保鲜液提供了科学依据.

Taking the pink Impatiens stems on Wuzhishan campus of Hainan Tropical Ocean University as extracted material, and golden dewdrop as experimental object, effective components of Impatiens leaves were extracted by water, 95% ethanol and acetone with three kinds of concentrations of three kinds of agent of 0.01g/ ml, 0.005g/ml and 0. 0025g/ml, respectively. Water balance, physiological changes and fresh liquid changes of Golden Dewdrop cut flowers in vase period were researched. The results showed that the three kinds of extractions from Impatiens balsa stems played a certain preservative effect, elongating flowers withered time, slowing down the water loss rate of fresh cut flowers. The optimum concentration of acetone and 95% ethanol extracts was 0. 005g/ml. The preservative effect of Impatiens stems in three different extracts on fresh cut flowers ranks from high to low as follows ： acetone 〉 ethanol 〉 water. The fresh - keeping effect of three different concentrations of the same agent on fresh cut flowers ranks from high to low in the order of 0.005 〉0. 0025 〉0.01. In conclusion, the results provide a scientific basis for the development of green, efficient and harmless preservative.